Air Cooler – Why is it Important?

An air cooler is an important device that is used for cooling down surroundings in places that have a warm or hot climate in general. These have been used since quite a long period of time now and are excellent for combatting heat on a day to day basis. Often compared a lot with air conditioners, people sometimes may even think that they are the same thing but in reality, they are entirely different from one another. These coolers are easy to purchase and are being used in countless homes in the world these days due to the fact that they provide high end cooling at all times.
Provision of Individual Cooling
One thing that makes the air cooler different from any other cooling device or equipment is the fact that it enables people to acquire individual cooling. This means that a person can achieve individual cooling, which is only and precisely for a single person only, without having to face any issues in the matter. Other cooling devices, most particularly air conditioners, do not provide this exclusive benefit. Instead, they offer overall cooling and this is something which has become rather common. Individual cooling is the best way for people to combat heat in summer for as long as they want.
Cost Effective
On the other hand, the air cooler is a highly efficient device that can be easily found within the market at affordable prices. This not only allows people to stay away from the heat at all times in the summer months, but it also allows them to save a massive amount of money in both the short as well as the long run. With air conditioners and other devices being costly, this proves to be rather cost efficient and something that will most definitely leave people feeling satisfied in the matter of stay cool in summers.
Wide Range of Types
There are many different types of an air cooler and these are all unique in their own way. Individuals can choose the one which they want, depending on their preferences in general. However, different types always tend to have different prices and this is something that all people should be aware of. Before buying, the quality is these coolers is also another thing that must be checked for sure as ensuring that tends to make them last for a long period of time. This is due to the fact that high quality coolers are undoubtedly much more durable than the low quality ones.
Swift Installation
The installation of the air cooler is another thing which people must not worry about because it is exceptionally easy to follow and maintain in the future. Due to their easy installation, which also takes very little time, these coolers have become the best way for cooling down places as well to achieve individual cooling in the hot months of summer. Mostly, the installation is taken care of by the company through which people purchase these coolers in the first place. However, the installation process being easy and swift surely does provide individuals with a high level of convenience.
Reduced Power Bills
Another very prominent thing to note about these coolers is the fact that they consume a very less amount of power in comparison with air conditioners, which are known for devouring massive amounts of power – resulting in increased electricity bills in both the short and the long run. With these coolers, power bills can be cut down by a long shot and it can stay that way forever, allowing people to save a lot more money than they ever have been able to. Since these coolers are undoubtedly very beneficial, acquiring them immediately has been highly recommended for everyone.

The Significance of an Air Cooler

One of the most prominent reasons for using an air cooler is the fact that it tends to bring a huge drop in the temperature within areas that are hot or warm for instance. These have been used since quite a long period of time now and are excellent for combatting heat always. Often compared a lot with air conditioners, people sometimes may even think that they are the same thing but in reality, they are entirely different from one another. These coolers are easy to purchase and are being used in countless homes in the world these days due to the fact that they provide high end cooling at all times.
A Huge Decrease in Electricity Bills
A prominent thing to note about these coolers is the fact that they consume a very less amount of power in comparison with air conditioners, which are known for devouring massive amounts of power – resulting in decreased electricity bills. With these coolers, power bills can be cut down by a long shot and it can stay that way forever, allowing people to save a lot more money than they ever have been able to. Since these coolers are undoubtedly very beneficial, acquiring them immediately has been highly recommended for everyone.
Massive Variety to Choose From
There are many different types of an air cooler and these are all unique in their own way. Individuals can choose the one which they want, depending on their preferences in general. However, different types always tend to have different prices and this is something that all people should be aware of. Before buying, the quality is these coolers is also another thing that must be checked for sure as ensuring that tends to make them last for a long period of time. This is due to the fact that high quality coolers are undoubtedly much more durable than the low quality ones.
High End Cooling
Another thing which makes these coolers different from any other cooling device or equipment is the fact that it enables people to acquire individual cooling. This means that a person can achieve individual cooling, which is only and precisely for a single person only, without having to face any issues in the matter. Other cooling devices, most particularly air conditioners, do not provide this exclusive benefit. Instead, they offer overall cooling and this is something which has become rather common. Individual cooling is the best way for people to combat heat in summer for as long as they want.
Affordable Price Range
On the other hand, the air cooler is a highly efficient device that can be easily found within the market at affordable prices. This not only allows people to stay away from the heat at all times in the summer months, but it also allows them to save a massive amount of money in both the short as well as the long run. With air conditioners and other devices being costly, this proves to be rather cost efficient and something that will most definitely leave people feeling satisfied in the matter of feeling cool and rather relaxed in the hot months of summer.
Easy to Install & Use
The installation of these coolers is another thing which people must not worry about because it is exceptionally easy to follow and maintain in the future. Due to their easy installation, which also takes very little time, these coolers have become the best way for cooling down places as well to achieve individual cooling in the hot months of summer. Mostly, the installation is taken care of by the company through which people purchase these coolers in the first place. However, the installation process being easy and swift surely does provide individuals with a high level of convenience.

Air Cooler – Why is it Important?

An air cooler is an important device that is used for cooling down surroundings in places that have a warm or hot climate in general. These have been used since quite a long period of time now and are excellent for combatting heat on a day to day basis. Often compared a lot with air conditioners, people sometimes may even think that they are the same thing but in reality, they are entirely different from one another. These coolers are easy to purchase and are being used in countless homes in the world these days due to the fact that they provide high end cooling at all times.
Provision of Individual Cooling
One thing that makes the air cooler different from any other cooling device or equipment is the fact that it enables people to acquire individual cooling. This means that a person can achieve individual cooling, which is only and precisely for a single person only, without having to face any issues in the matter. Other cooling devices, most particularly air conditioners, do not provide this exclusive benefit. Instead, they offer overall cooling and this is something which has become rather common. Individual cooling is the best way for people to combat heat in summer for as long as they want.
Cost Effective
On the other hand, the air cooler is a highly efficient device that can be easily found within the market at affordable prices. This not only allows people to stay away from the heat at all times in the summer months, but it also allows them to save a massive amount of money in both the short as well as the long run. With air conditioners and other devices being costly, this proves to be rather cost efficient and something that will most definitely leave people feeling satisfied in the matter of stay cool in summers.
Wide Range of Types
There are many different types of an air cooler and these are all unique in their own way. Individuals can choose the one which they want, depending on their preferences in general. However, different types always tend to have different prices and this is something that all people should be aware of. Before buying, the quality is these coolers is also another thing that must be checked for sure as ensuring that tends to make them last for a long period of time. This is due to the fact that high quality coolers are undoubtedly much more durable than the low quality ones.
Swift Installation
The installation of the air cooler is another thing which people must not worry about because it is exceptionally easy to follow and maintain in the future. Due to their easy installation, which also takes very little time, these coolers have become the best way for cooling down places as well to achieve individual cooling in the hot months of summer. Mostly, the installation is taken care of by the company through which people purchase these coolers in the first place. However, the installation process being easy and swift surely does provide individuals with a high level of convenience.
Reduced Power Bills
Another very prominent thing to note about these coolers is the fact that they consume a very less amount of power in comparison with air conditioners, which are known for devouring massive amounts of power – resulting in increased electricity bills in both the short and the long run. With these coolers, power bills can be cut down by a long shot and it can stay that way forever, allowing people to save a lot more money than they ever have been able to. Since these coolers are undoubtedly very beneficial, acquiring them immediately has been highly recommended for everyone.

Buy Best Steam Irons And Air Coolers From Online Stores

It is natural that for all the office goers as well as the school's students it is necessary that they should wear clothes which should be cleaned and pressed. Well in order to have such facility you should definitely have the best steam irons in your home, well that is not at all difficult to have. You know that a wrinkled prone cloth would make you look too untidy that is why it is essential that you should follow the curriculum and be in a perfect dress. The market is booming with different types of the brands definitely it confuses you every now and then. However, you should be very stubborn and should go for the best brand.

Apart from that you should have a sharp eye so that you could consider some of the important features as well. You should see that the Philips Irons are very much in demand because they are chord which are flexible. In addition to this, you should also like the automatic shut off property. The best about the Phillips steam irons are that you could actually see the water present through the water storage which is transparent. The entire look is made in a glossy way with calcium integrated in it. You would actually feel very nice to hold that because of its sophisticated look. Whenever you buy a Morphy Richards iron, you would see that it has some modified settings, which you could apply on different types of the fabrics. Now you should buy iron online at an affordable price.

These days you could see that people are really facing lots of problems with space that is why it is necessary that they should get things which are precise and curt, but the usability would tend to maximize. Definitely, just like the best steam irons, it is wise enough to buy air cooler. These are designed in an outstanding way. It is a worth buy because you see that after spending long hours in the kitchen you actually feel tired, when you get to the living room, your brain jerks you have a refreshing air. Well the symphony air coolers are always ready at your service. You should keen to know that they are praised enough for their longevity. In addition to this, they have used the dura dump technology so that the pump could work out for long. Well you might seek to go for the branded ones in which category the Kenstar air coolers are simple and worthy enough. Practically, it is cost efficient as well because the robust technology has made it possible so that they could work out with the inverter as well. The interior architecture is wonderfully crafted where a large fan is installed which is ever ready to give you cool fresh air so that you could get rejuvenated. Now you should also be ready to buy table fan, it gives you the same feeling as the coolers.

Knowing Air cooled heat exchangers

Air cooled heat exchangers are 1 type of heat exchange device from a long list of heat exchangers. Generally, heat exchange equipment are devices that are particularly meant for assisting the release of heat coming from a certain volume of fluid in the direction of the other. To understand more, consider the regular home appliances at your residence, such as the refrigerators, air conditioners, along with your ordinary car radiator. They are just some simple examples of heat exchangers.

Now we will take a glance at air cooled heat exchangers. Normally, these are widely-used in industries which have a process system which produces excessive heat which must be dissipated, especially if there exists no home or local usage for it. Air coolers can perform exclusive of any cooling water from an adjacent or supporting cooling tower.

When should this equipment be used? The reply to that is once the outlet temperature is more than 20 degree Fahrenheit or -6.67 degree Celsius more than the upper limit of the expected ambient air temperature. Additionally, do not be fooled by the negative symbol of the Celsius unit. Air coolers may be utilized with nearer approach temperatures, nevertheless it has continuously come to be costly when measured up to a combination of a cooling tower and a water-cooled exchanger.

Besides the appliances as well as cars, remember that there are additional functions for air cooled heat exchangers. These uses can be seen in numerous industries, several of which include refineries, the upstream production, and petrochemical facilities. Moreover, you can also use air coolers on other conditions which have high temperatures, high pressure, acidic fluids and environments. To be more specific, air cooler are commonly utilized and set up in the everyday gas and oil refineries; gas storage facilities; compressor stations for oil pipelines; plants produces polychlorvinyl, polyethylene, glass fiber, biplastic; by-product coke plants and ammonia transportation and handling plants.

Apart from the various functions and uses of air coolers, you need to understand something about its construction. Luckily, I will give that to you. The common air cooled exchanger that is used for processing purposes are consists of a finned-tube bundle that are built inside a rectangular box headers on both ends of the tubes. The chilling air is supplied by several fans. In general, the air blows up wards via a horizontal tube bundle or sideward, for vertical tube bundles. The installed fans may be either induced or forced draft. And this is determined by whether the air is pushed or pulled all the way through the tube bundle. The air is directed by the plenum chamber, additionally, the chamber encloses the space between the fans as well as the tube bundle. And all of the various components pointed out are generally built up on legs or a pipe rack when assembled. And before I forget, the fan drive assemblage is sustained with a steel mechanical drive support system. The support system will generally be consisted of a vibration switch on every fan. The switches are specially designed to shut down a fan which has a problem, without human involvement.

To understand the inside and out of air cooled heat exchangers is literally easier said than done, and it is even tougher when you have absolutely no background on machines or mechanical terms. Though the question still remains, why are these preferred than other coolers. To start with, they're more affordable to maintain when compared with some other chemical using coolers. Secondly, it can quickly be installed. Last but not least, air cooled heat exchangers are the most environmental friendly method available up to now.

Design and fabricate Charge Air Cooler by Heatec JieTong

Heatec JieTong is a leading provider of piping and heat exchanger services for the marine and oil & gas industries. Our core business activities are in the provision of piping services and heat exchanger servicing and fabrication.

We provide piping services such as pipeline structure, restoration and installation works for all types of pipes and systems to shipyards in Singapore. In addition, Heatec Jietong also performs process piping works including piping fabrication for Floating Production, Storage and Offloading (FPSO) turrets. Heatec Jietong recently expanded the scope of the piping business to include turnkey project management. Our piping division has been continuously voted best Piping Contractor by major shipyards in Singapore - specializing in FPSO and oil rig high-pressure piping works.

The Heat Exchangers that Heatec Jietong services are largely those that are utilised on board marine vessels, where different kinds of Heat Exchangers are deployed in different parts of these vessels. Our services include on-site inspection and engineering consultancy services, fabrication and restoration of main engine charged air coolers, condensers, heaters, fresh water generators and other heat transfer applications. Our heat exchanger services extend to Mainland China and are renowned in the region.

Our extensive experience in these fields will provide us with the edge in furnishing our customers with high quality products and timely delivery of services.

Charge Air Cooler - We design and fabricate Charge Air Cooler used in the diesel engines and main engines of ocean going vessels. Through the practice of Kaizen, we continuously improve our manufacturing processes to include specialised machineries and equipment, thus reducing our manufacturing time.

With certified quality control systems and ISO 9001:2008 standards in place, all charge air coolers undergo stringent quality tests. We also ensure that our suppliers provide us with materials of the highest quality, to keep up with our stringent quality requirements.

Visit http://www.heatec.com.sg/ for more details

Solar energized Liquid Desiccant Air Conditioning – A review (Part II)

5.  Heat and mass exchangers for Liquid desiccant de-humidification

The Heat and mass exchanger of a desiccant dehumidification unit is where the liquid desiccant comes in direct contact with the process air.

The desirable characteristics for heat and Mass exchanger for high-performance liquid desiccant dehumidifiers

1. High heat and mass transfer rates
2. Low pressure drop in process air flow
3. Small liquid-side resistance to moisture diffusion
4. Large contact transfer surface area per unit volume
5. Compatible desiccant/contact materials (non corrodible with high wetting coefficient)
6. Zero carryover of liquid desiccant droplets into process air
7. Use of common materials and inexpensive manufacturing techniques
8. Classified various thermally activated Desiccant cooling technologies as shown in fig. 4

 

Figure 4.  Heat and mass exchanger configurations for various desiccant cooling technologies

The packed-bed conditioner has been the focus of many R&D projects on Desiccant De-humidifiers. More recent R&D on packed-bed heat and mass exchangers includes the work of [9] in which the performance of packed-bed heat and mass exchangers flooded with lithium chloride solutions were experimentally measured. The researchers first implemented their conditioner and regenerator as internally cooled units using either copper tubes or polypropylene tubes as the contact surface. However, the copper tubes were too easily corroded by the desiccant, and the polypropylene tubes were too difficult for wetting.

[10] modelled and experimentally measured the performance of packed-bed, lithium chloride heat, and mass exchangers that used a random, polypropylene packing with a volumetric surface area of 210 m2 per m3. They reported that the lithium chloride solution did not uniformly wet the packing because of its high surface tension.

High flooding rates are necessary to keep the desiccant cool and complete wetting. But High flooding rates may cause carryover of liquid desiccant droplets into air stream and also is responsible for pressure drop in air flow. Conditioners that are internally cooled do not have to operate at the high flooding rates of packed-bed units as the desiccant temperature is maintained close to coolant temperature [11]. A cross flow heat exchanger is shown   inthe Fig. 5 which is internally cooled by  coolant  where  the process air flow and desiccant flow contact at right angles. A coolant liquid provided from a cooling tower or chilled water enters through the pipe section throughout the heat exchanger and hence internally cooling desiccant.

Figure 5.Internally cooled

Cross flow heat exchanger

At low liquid desiccant temperature the vapour pressure also remains low and thus allowing more moisture absorption into the liquid desiccant.

6. Solar Hybrid Desiccant Cooling System

[12] has investigated the solar hybrid desiccant cooling system (SHDCS) shown in Fig. 7 for its applicability and performance in commercial premises with high latent cooling load in subtropical Hong Kong. Vapour compression chiller was used to provide chilled water to a supply air cooling coil. Desiccant wheel was adopted and its regenerating heat primarily came from the solar thermal gain of the evacuated tubes. The desiccant wheel dehumidified the fresh air to the required level and the supply air coil provided the sensible cooling. For commercial premises with high latent cooling load (60% RH) It is observed that SHDCS had more superior cooling and energy performances than the conventional centralized air-conditioning (AC) system in the subtropical Hong Kong. The annual primary energy consumption saving could be around 49.5% in comparison to conventional vapour compression systems.

 

Figure 7. Solar Hybrid Desiccant Cooling system with solar heating for desiccant regeneration, Desiccant Dehumidification and compression based cooling

[13] simulated a hybrid desiccant cooling system comprising the conventional vapour compression air conditioning system coupled with a liquid desiccant dehumidifier which was regenerated by solar energy. The study suggested that, when the latent load constitutes 90% of the total cooling load, the system can generate up to 80% of energy savings. [14] conducted a comparative study of a standalone VAC, the desiccant-associated VAC, and the desiccant and evaporative cooling associated VAC as shown in following figure. The authors found an increase of cold production by 38.8–76% and that of COP by 20–30%. [15] have studied the performance of three possible hybrid system configurations in supermarket applications and have compared their performance with traditional VAC system. As reported, a total air conditioning saving ranging from 56.5% to 66% could be achieved for specified design conditions (ambient conditions: 30 °C, 16 g/kg.da; indoor conditions: 24 °C, 10.4 g/kg.da; room sensible heat ratio: 0.35). [16] have modelled the performance of a desiccant integrated hybrid VAC system. The waste heat rejected from a VAC cycle is utilized to activate a solid desiccant dehumidification cycle directly. The performance sensitivity of a first generation prototype hybrid VAC system to variable outdoor conditions has been studied and compared to the performance of conventional VAC systems. Results showed that the performance improvement over VAC systems could be 60% at the same level of dehumidification under ARI summer conditions. [17] have simulated the transient performance of a hybrid desiccant VAC system for the ambient conditions of Beirut. The annual energy consumption of the hybrid system in comparison with the conventional VAC system has been studied for the entire cooling season. A payback period less than five years was achieved.

[18] has reviewed various thermally activated cooling technologies and has tabulated a summary of the main features of up-to-date thermally activated cooling technologies which is shown in table 1. It is observed that of all the technologies liquid desiccant cooling technologies has lowest regeneration temperatures and has better COP value compared to other technologies.

7. Conclusion

Liquid Desiccant dehumidification systems although limited to industrial applications, but could exhibit huge potential energy and economic savings for HVAC industry by

• Reducing the peak electricity demand created by compressor – based AC’s
• Improving the indoor air quality and reduce the indoor humidity levels that could be difficult to be controlled by conventional air conditioners.

Hybrid liquid desiccant cooling technology has demonstrated its superior performance for hot and humid climatic conditions and could save more that 50% operational energy saving compared to conventional vapour compression cooling technology. One of most important advantages of desiccant cooling systems undoubtedly lies in the possibility of using solar energy which can be effectively utilized to regenerate saturated liquid desiccants by using relatively low-cost solar thermal collectors. LDAC’s have low regeneration temperatures (60 - 90°C) and have high COP values (0.5 – 1.2) compared to other thermally activated cooling technologies.

Future research should include development of non corrosive desiccant materials having lesser regeneration temperatures, developing control strategies to prevent mixing of liquid desiccant droplets in the process air stream and design of small and compact systems for application in residential buildings.

References

1. Ishwar Chand & Bhargava P.K (1999) “Climatic Data Handbook for Building Design in India”,Tata Mc Graw Hill Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
2. Kaushik S.C, (1989), “Solar Refrigeration and Space-Conditioning”, Geoenviron Academia Press, Jodhpur, India
3. Lowenstein A. (2008)“Review of Liquid Desiccant Technology for HVAC applications”, HVAC& R research, 14(6):819 - 839.
4. Daou K., Wang R.Z. and Xia Z.Z., (2006), “Desiccant Cooling Air Conditioning: A Review,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 10, pp. 55-77
5. Lowenstein, A. Slyzak, E. Kozubul, (2006) National Renewable Energy Laboratory, A Zero carry over liquid desiccant Air conditioner for Solar Applications. ASME International Solar Energy Conference (ISEC 2006) Denver, Colarodo.
6. Elsarrag, E. (2006). Dehumidification of air by chemical liquid desiccant in a packed column and its heat and mass transfer effectiveness. HVAC&R Research 12(1):3–16.
7. Ertas, A., E.E. Anderson, and I. Kiris. 1992. Properties of a new liquid desiccant solution—lithium chloride and calcium chloride mixtures. Solar Energy 49(2):205–212.
8. Enteria N., Mizutani K., (2011) “The Role of the Thermally Activated Desiccant Cooling Technologies in the Issue of Energy and Environment”. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 15, 2095-2122.
9. Gommed K., Grossman G., and Ziegler F., (2004) Experimental investigation of a LiClwater open absorption system for cooling and dehumidification. Transactions ASME,Journal of Solar Energy Engineering, 126, 710-715.
10. Fumo, N., Goswami, D.Y., (2002). Study of an Aqueous Lithium Chloride Desiccant System: Air Dehumidification and Desiccant Regeneration. Solar Energy Journal 72, 4, 351-361.
11. Pesaran, A. A.; Penney, T. R.; Czanderna, A. W. (1992). “Desiccant Cooling: State-of-the-Art Assessment”. 221 pp.; NREL Report No. TP-254-4147.
12. Fong, K.F., Lee, C.K., Chow, T.T., Fong, A.M.L., (2011), Investigation on solar hybrid desiccant cooling system for commercial premises with high latent cooling load in subtropical Hong Kong. Applied Thermal Engineering, 31, pp. 3393-3401.
13. Yadav YK.,(1995), Vapour-compression and liquid-desiccant hybrid solar space-conditioning system for energy conservation. Renew Energy; 7:719–23.
14. Dai YJ, Wang RZ, Zhang HF, Yu JD., (2001), Use of desiccant cooling to improve the performance of vapour compression air conditioning. Appl Thermal Engg; 21:1185–205.
15. Burns PR, Mitchell JW, Beckman WA., (1985), Hybrid desiccant cooling systems in supermarket applications. ASHRAE Transactions;91(Part 1B):457–68.
16. Worek WM, Moon CJ., (1988), “Desiccant integrated hybrid vapor-compression cooling: performance sensitivity to outdoor conditions”. Heat Recovery Systems and CHP; 8(6):489–501.
17. Ghali K., (2008), Energy savings potential of a hybrid desiccant dehumidification air conditioning system in Beirut. Energy Conversion and Management; 49(11):3387–90.
18. Deng J., Wang R.Z., Han G.Y., (2011), A review of thermally activated cooling technologies  for combined cooling, heating and power systems, Progress in Energy and Combustion Science 37; pp 172 – 203.

Solar energized Liquid Desiccant Air Conditioning – A review (Part I)

Abstract

A review on Liquid Desiccant based cooling technologies with special focus on advances in
liquid desiccant materials and configurations of heat and mass exchangers have been
discussed. Performance comparison and energy saving potential of a hybrid liquid desiccant
cooling system based on vapour compression based sensible cooling and liquid desiccant
based dehumidification in comparison to conventional vapour compression system has been
reviewed. Hybrid liquid desiccant cooling system has enormous energy and cost saving
potential especially in hot and humid regions like India. The ability of Liquid Desiccant
cooling technology to be energized by Solar thermal makes it an attractive alternative to high
electrical energy intensive conventional vapour compression based cooling for residential and
commercial HVAC applications.

Keywords: Liquid Desiccant, Dehumidification, Vapour Compression, Solar Thermal.

1. Introduction

India is a tropical country and more than 80% of Indian Sub continental area falls under
Warm humid or Composite Climatic zone [1]. These climatic zones are characterized by high
annual average temperatures and high humidity. With rapid urbanization and industrialization
in India, there is sharp rise in air conditioning load in Industrial, commercial as well as
residential buildings.

 The Air conditioning load could be broadly classified as sensible load and latent load.
Conventional vapour compression Air conditioners (VAC) meet the total air conditioning
load by cooling the air below the dew point temperature and thus condensing the moisture.
These systems require evaporator temperatures to be maintained much lower than required to
achieve sensible cooling alone. The dew point temperature is much below the set temperature
level and hence process air requires further heating to bring its temperature to set temperature
level. This requirement increases the capacity rating of the compressors and requires high
electricity and consequently operates at reduced coefficient of performance (COP) [2].

There is a necessity to separate the latent cooling load and sensible cooling load and handle
them separately so as to improve the COP of the air conditioners. The desiccant cycles can be
used to reduce the moisture content of air by partially converting latent cooling load to
sensible cooling load and then meeting the load by VAC’s. These systems with vapour
compression cycle for meeting sensible cooling load and liquid – desiccant cycle for latent
cooling load are called hybrid systems.

2. Liquid desiccant dehumidification and air conditioning

A desiccant material has a strong attraction for water vapour. Desiccants are commonly used
in industrial applications where low dew-point air is needed. The strength of a desiccant can
be measured by its equilibrium vapour pressure (i.e., pressure of water vapour that is in
equilibrium with the desiccant). This equilibrium vapour pressure increases roughly
exponentially with the temperature of the desiccant/water system. It also increases as the
desiccant absorbs water (a dilute liquid desiccant will have a higher equilibrium vapour
pressure than a concentrated liquid desiccant). When the absolute humidity of air that has
come into equilibrium with a liquid desiccant of fixed concentration is plotted on a
psychometric chart, the equilibrium line closely follows a line of constant relative humidity
and the Fig1. illustrates this behaviour for solutions of lithium chloride.


As shown in the Fig 2., the brine-bulb temperature for a 43% solution of lithium chloride and
air at 30.0/25.6°C dry-bulb/wet-bulb will be 47.8°C. With an ambient wet-bulb temperature of
25.6°C, a typical cooling tower might supply water at29.4°C. It’s impractical to cool the
ambient air using this cooling water in a conventional heat exchanger, because the cooling
water is only one degree below the air temperature. However, a strong cooling effect could be
achieved by wetting the surfaces of the heat exchanger with the 43% lithium chloride. Of
course, one does not get this enhanced cooling for free. If the cooling process is to be
continuous, energy must be expended to regenerate the desiccant back to its original
concentration. If ambient air from the preceding example is brought into equilibrium with
43% lithium chloride at 85°F (29.4°C), the air will have a dew point of 33.5°F (0.8°C), a wetbulb
of 57.8°F (14.3°C), and its enthalpy will be reduced from 41.5 Btu/lb (96.3 kJ/kg) to
24.9 Btu/lb (57.8 kJ/kg). This large cooling effect, both in terms of latent cooling and total
cooling, and low dew point—both of which are achieved without a compressor—demonstrate
the potential for liquid desiccants to become an important part of HVAC systems. Liquid
desiccants have been successfully used to produce dry air for a surprisingly long time. Dr.
Russell Bichowsky, working for the Frigidaire Division of General Motors, first used
solutions of lithium chloride to dry air in the 1930s. Also in the 1930s, the Niagara Blower
Company introduced a liquid desiccant technology that used glycol solutions to prevent frost
from forming on low-temperature evaporators. Both lithium chloride and glycol continue to
be used today in liquid-desiccant dehumidifiers, but their use is limited primarily to industrial
applications[3].

3. Hybrid configuration: desiccant de-humidification and vapour compression based
cooling

An example of desiccant cooling application is represented in fig. 3 [4].


Figure 3.Schematic of Hybrid Liquid Desiccant aided Vapour compression air conditioning

Here, the cool strong desiccant solution is sprayed onto the top of the dehumidifier through
spraying nozzles. By gravitation, it trickles through the structure of the dehumidifier where it
gets contact with the process air stream blown perpendicularly to its trickling flow direction.
Since, the cool and strong desiccant solution vapour pressure is less than that of the air vapour
pressure, water vapour migrates from the air stream to the desiccant solution and condenses
therein. Consequently, the heat of condensation and mixing are liberated causing an increase
in the solution’s temperature. The process air stream is slightly cooled down due to its contact
with the cold desiccant solution. The dehumidified and rather warm process air stream then
passes successively through the evaporative cooler and the evaporator of the traditional
refrigerant vapour compression air conditioner, before being delivered into the conditioned
space. The diluted desiccant solution, exited from dehumidifier, is circulated through the
regenerator where it is heated and the moisture absorbed in the dehumidifier is now lost to the
scavenger air stream. In order for the system to keep functioning continuously and effectively,
an equal amount of water vapour absorbed from the humid air and condensed to the desiccant
solution in dehumidifier must be evaporated from the desiccant solution in the regenerator.
The hot and strong desiccant solution is thereafter cooled down in the pre-cooler and then
cooled further in the heat exchanger (HX) before being ready again to dehumidify the
incoming process air.

The lowest limit temperature attainable by the evaporative cooler is the process air wet bulb
temperature which decreases with the decrease of the relative humidity and increases with the
elevation of the dry bulb temperature. The essential role of the desiccant solution in this example is to lower the relative humidity of the incoming air stream in order to enable the
evaporative cooler to function more effectively.
Here, the desiccant assisted evaporative cooling is associated with the traditional vapour
compression air conditioning to reduce its size and enhance its coefficient of performance.
Because the latent load is handled independently by the desiccant dehumidifier, the need of
cooling the ventilation air below its dew point is obviated. The temperature of evaporation can
thus be lifted up to 15 °C from its generally practiced level of 5 °C for the traditional vapour
compression system. The increase in evaporation temperature will entail the increase of the
system’s coefficient of performance (COP).

This assemblage can be useful in humid climates where the wet bulb temperature is fairly
high. In such climates, a significantly downsized vapour compression air conditioner can be
supplemented with a desiccant assisted evaporative cooler in order to reach the desired indoor
temperature, thus enabling costs and energy savings and improving the indoor air quality.

4. Liquid desiccant materials

Liquid desiccants such as Glycols and solutions of halide salts are routinely used in industrial
de-humidifiers. Commonly used liquid desiccant materials include lithium chloride, lithium
bromide, calcium chloride, triethylene glycol and mixture of salts etc. The choice of desiccant
will have a profound effect on the design of desiccant de-humidifiers.

The desirable properties of liquid desiccants include large saturation absorption capacity, low
regeneration temperature, Low Viscosity, Good heat transfer, non volatile, non – corrosive,
odourless, non toxic, non flammable, stable and inexpensive. Surface Tension of liquid
desiccants is an important parameter of liquid desiccants as it plays important role in static
hold up and wetting of the surface of heat and mass exchanger of Liquid desiccant system.
Halide salts such as lithium chloride and lithium bromide are very strong desiccants. A
saturated solution of lithium bromide can dry air to 6% relative humidity and lithium chloride
to 15% but halide salts are corrosive in nature. Lithium Chloride has good desiccant
characteristics and does not vapourize at ambient conditions but droplet filters are necessary
to prevent any mixing of the liquid droplets with process air. Cost of halide salts are relatively
high except calcium chloride whose cost is comparatively low compared to LiCl, LiBr and
TEG. Another advantage of Calcium chloride is its low viscosity which reduces the pumping
power. But the CaCl2 salt is highly corrosive in nature and can be used in non metallic
systems only [5].

The least expensive alternative to lithium chloride is calcium chloride. Unfortunately, calcium
chloride is a relatively weak desiccant. A 42% solution, which is about as strong as can be
used without encountering crystallization, will dry air to about 35% rh. (For comparison, a
43% lithium chloride solution can dry air to a 15% rh.).

Glycols are the second class of liquid desiccants now used in industrial equipment. Both
triethylene and propylene glycol have low toxicity, and their compatibility with most metals
has led several researchers to use them in LDACs designed for HVAC applications. However,
all glycols have one undesirable characteristic that they are volatile and any evaporation into
the supply air makes it unacceptable for air conditioning for occupied buildings [6]. Salts of weak organic acids, such as potassium or sodium formate and acetate, have been explored as less corrosive alternatives to halide salts that are also not volatile. Although it is a significantly weaker desiccant than lithium bromide or lithium chloride, the ability to dry air below 30% relative humidity could make potassium formate a good alternative desiccant in some applications. Another less expensive alternative is potassium acetate. While potassium acetate could dry air to about 25%, its viscosity becomes very high. At 70% concentration and 27°C, a potassium acetate solution has a viscosity of about 28 cp. This is almost twice has high as a 43% lithium chloride solution at the same temperature. Water at 27°C has a viscosity of close to 1.0. [3].

Studies were also conducted on mixtures of calcium chloride and lithium chloride solutions to
take the advantage of good desiccant properties of LiCl and low cost CaCl2 [7].

4.1 Advantages of using liquid desiccants include

1. Lower air pressure drop in process air stream.
2. Liquid desiccants are capable of providing equivalent dehumidification as solid desiccant
systems with lower regeneration temperature(mostly 70 - 80°C) due to the internal cooling
provided by cooling tower water or chilled water and allowing utilization of solar heat or
waste heat.
3. Pumping of liquid desiccants is possible makes it possible to connect several small
desiccant dehumidifiers to a larger regeneration unit which is especially beneficial for
large multi zonal commercial buildings.
4. Liquid desiccants have high COP’s as highly efficient liquid-liquid exchangers could be
employed.
5. Simultaneous air dehumidification and desiccant regeneration is not necessary as it is
possible to store dilute saturate liquid until regeneration heat is available.
6. Liquid desiccants are highly beneficial for their ability to filter microbial contamination,
bacteria, viruses, and moulds from process air stream.

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Reasons for Investing in a Steam Condenser

For those who are not aware, a steam condenser is used for a many different reasons and one of the most important ones includes the condensation of steam to water. These are used for other reasons too but majorly, they come in handy for condensing steam to water in the long run. The process may take up a lot of time but it is exceptionally effective and efficient. These are used by many high end industries as well as plants in the present times. Therefore, investing in these surely is the best way for anyone to convert condensed steam into water without having to face any issue. There are a number of reasons why people should – and are – investing in steam condensers and here are a few of them.

High End Affordability 
While these condensers may seem rather high end, their prices are not as much and these days, individuals can purchase these at reasonable prices. However, prices are always linked to the kind of condensers and that means their quality. Therefore, it is highly essential to be aware of the fact that a steam condenser is most likely to have a variable price range, all of which depends solely on the type and kind of the condenser. High quality ones are more towards the costly side and the average quality ones should be attainable for a fairly less price. The fact that it is so affordable has led many enthusiastic people to the shops to purchase the product. Most customers are impressed with the fact that it costs so less and yet is able to perform to such high standards. Better quality combines with high end affordability has really helped the product.

Easy to Install & Use 
The best part about setting up a steam condenser is the fact that it enables people to do any kind of installation. While a lot of equipment requires fixed installation, these condensers can be installed in a number of different ways which are all beneficial on their own. It all depends on either the requirement or the type of installation which is required by a person in the first place. These condensers can be installed both vertically as well as horizontally – choosing from both of these truly does depend on the person who is setting up these condensers for major applications of various kinds. It does not require hard labor to install the product and it also does not require experts to teach people how to use it. It is quite customer and user friendly in all senses of the word. It makes work simpler and easier to do.

Vast Variety
The condensation tends to take place in containers, which are all unique in their own way. Mostly, the containers are either shell & tube shaped, for that matter. A steam condenser can have any of these containers or chambers for the matter of condensing steam to water. However, everyone’s requirements tend to vary, which is why choosing the right chamber for the process is exceptionally important and should be thoroughly considered by an individual who is about to go ahead with the overall process of condensing heat to water. By choosing the right container, the procedure is most likely to go smoothly and be successful later on. There are a number of different options and varieties to choose from. Really, the customers can simply go crazy over the choice. It can be made using a number of different materials to suit each individual’s style or requirement as well.

So there it is, these are all the reasons why steam condensers are considered to be such industry winners and are selling like hot cakes in the markets. Go and buy one now!

Main Pros of the Fin Fan Cooler

For everyone who is not aware of a fin fan cooler, it basically is responsible for carrying a wide range of different tasks in the matter of cooling. These have been used since a long period of time and can these days be found without having to face any sort of hindrances in the matter. This kind of cooler is different from all the other ones, which makes it unique and something that individuals should know about before investing in it. These are generally used in high end plants as well as oil refineries for the purpose of cooling down liquids, majorly water as well as oil.

High End Durability 
The fin fan cooler is exceptionally durable, which makes it last for a long period of time. Since these coolers do have a higher initial investment in comparison with everything else, it is important for them to be durable as only then can they stay stable and productive for a good while without having to deteriorate soon. These coolers have a long life and this truly is an advantage for people who are looking to install long-term coolers within plants and places such as that. Due to higher durability, the levels of reliability are also increased by a long shot.

Easy to Manage
These coolers are also known to increase the overall plant efficiency in general and that is precisely why they are being used in high end industrial applications in the present times. On the other hand, these coolers are completely environmentally friendly and that is undoubtedly one of the major reasons behind their success and high increase in usage in different parts of the world. They do not harm the external environment in any negative way, which gives people more than enough reason for having them installed within their plants or anywhere else where they are needed in both the short as well as the long run.

Industrial Usage
The fin fan cooler is majorly responsible for cooling down different kinds of liquids within a plant. These are used in plants in general, which is where people can make most use of them due to the fact that they can cool down not only water, but also other types of liquids such as oil and much more without wasting a lot of time in the matter. As a very prominently used heat exchanger, these coolers provide high end heat efficiency rates which are hard to attain from any other equipment in general.

Low Energy Costs
A fin fan cooler require low energy to run and this is beneficial on so many levels. With equipment and devices that require high end energy for running, the power bills can be quite high in both the short as well as the long run. With these coolers, people end up acquiring low energy costs, which enables them to save a good amount of money in the near future. Since saving money is definitely an important thing to do, investing in these coolers is something that all individuals should know about.

Affordable Price Range
The prices of the fin fan cooler are different as it all depends on the type it is. There are several types, all of which are important in their own way and have their own advantages. People can choose whichever they prefer or the one that fulfills all of their needs in general. Prices are going to vary from model to model and they also heavily depend on the brand of the cooler. Upon deciding the best model as well as the brand, buying the one that has been reasonably priced is something that all interested buyers should do as these really do come in handy in the near future.

How is the Air Cooler Beneficial?

Coolers are essential and these have been used since quite a long period of time now and are excellent for combatting heat on a day to day basis. An air cooler is an important device that is used for cooling down surroundings in places that have a warm or hot climate in general. These coolers are easy to purchase and are being used in countless homes in the world these days due to the fact that they provide high end cooling at all times. Often compared a lot with air conditioners, people sometimes may even think that they are the same thing but in reality, they are entirely different from one another.

High End Affordability 
The air cooler is a highly efficient device that can be easily found within the market at affordable prices. This not only allows people to stay away from the heat at all times in the summer months, but it also allows them to save a massive amount of money in both the short as well as the long run. With air conditioners and other devices being costly, this proves to be rather cost efficient and something that will most definitely leave people feeling satisfied in the matter of stay cool in summers.

Massive Range of Types
There are many different types of an air cooler and these are all unique in their own way. Individuals can choose the one which they want, depending on their preferences in general. However, different types always tend to have different prices and this is something that all people should be aware of. Before buying, the quality is these coolers is also another thing that must be checked for sure as ensuring that tends to make them last for a long period of time. This is due to the fact that high quality coolers are undoubtedly much more durable than the low quality ones.

Easy to Install & Use
The installation of the air cooler is another thing which people must not worry about because it is exceptionally easy to follow and maintain in the future. Due to their easy installation, which also takes very little time, these coolers have become the best way for cooling down places as well to achieve individual cooling in the hot months of summer. Mostly, the installation is taken care of by the company through which people purchase these coolers in the first place. However, the installation process being easy and swift surely does provide individuals with a high level of convenience.

Low Power Bills
A very prominent thing to note about these coolers is the fact that they consume a very less amount of power in comparison with air conditioners, which are known for devouring massive amounts of power – resulting in increased electricity bills in both the short and the long run. With these coolers, power bills can be cut down by a long shot and it can stay that way forever, allowing people to save a lot more money than they ever have been able to. Since these coolers are undoubtedly very beneficial, acquiring them immediately has been highly recommended for everyone.

Top Notch Cooling
One thing that makes the air cooler different from any other cooling device or equipment is the fact that it enables people to acquire individual cooling. This means that a person can achieve individual cooling, which is only and precisely for a single person only, without having to face any issues in the matter. Other cooling devices, most particularly air conditioners, do not provide this exclusive benefit. Instead, they offer overall cooling and this is something which has become rather common. Individual cooling is the best way for people to combat heat in summer for as long as they want.

The information about air cooler is useful and interesting to be updated right here.

Domestic Energy Saving Campaign – Save Power, Save Money

Saving electricity domestically means to save the consumption of power in houses and on the road. Since power is no longer as abundant and as cheap as was once known, it makes a big influence on the power bills of homes at the end of year. Most of the power at homes and on the road is used for either heating or cooling purposes with all other things coming second. Using latest information and technology for the sake of saving power enables a person to live equally comfortable while witnessing a great difference in the bills.

There are huge perks of installing power saving technology in a house. It not only saves power and thus money, it also gives a much exciting way to life. Furthermore, the attractiveness of such a house gets increased manifold and buyers find such a house worth a higher price. Almost quarter of the power produced in the United States is consumed by houses spread across the country. A careful estimation tells a sad story of wastage of precious power in these households courtesy leaking windows and inefficient appliances. A regular air cooler used in common households takes half the power as compared to air conditioners but then people do not use it due to its impracticality in case of homes that leak cooling and thus require powerful air conditioners to do any good.

As a start, a family residing in a residence needs to see their house as an energy system. Power comes from a source and gets utilized in different places through the house. This power also gets leaked here and there brining no utility and just a bill to the family. And just like any other system, these systems are composed of different elements. For example, a furnace that has to heat the house comprises of a heating appliance, ducts that carry the heat to other area of house, walls, ceiling and floor that bears these ducts. Even if the appliance is top notch and exceptionally efficient, there still is a great dependence upon other elements. If ducts leak and walls and roofs are poorly insulated, much heat would get lost.

Here are some things that one can do today to save money on power bills:-

- Use air cooler that circulates air through the house instead of air conditioners that dehumidify the air at a much higher cost.
- Install programmable thermostats to save on heating. The same can be said about saving on air cooler with replacement of thermostat by programmable regulator.
- Turn lights and appliances off when they are not in use. Doing this saves more money than what one thinks. It is amazing how a television keeps using 85% of the power that is uses when on while it is on standby. Similarly, chargers of laptops and cell phones keep on taking full power even when not in use so they must be unplugged.
- Ideally heated water is 120 degree Fahrenheit and this is the level that the thermostat should find itself at.
- Only use dish washer and washing machines once they are full of dishes and clothes respectively to get better value.
- Instead of using much spinner, it is beneficial to use air and solar heat to dry clothes.
- Windows needs to be shut when house is being heated or cooled.
- For cars that run on batteries, sensible and speed limit driving uses far less power than it does in case of aggressive and high speed driving.
- Use appliances that are certified by efficiency measuring organizations.
- Use air cooler accompanied by high quality duct system.

Major Reasons for Investing in an Air Cooler

Heat can be unbearable, which is why coolers are being used by countless individuals these days. The best part of using them is that they are easily available everywhere; therefore, those who wish to purchase them should get to know everything there is about them beforehand only to benefit from all the advantages they have to offer in the long run. A lot of places in the world have hot climate and in such places, which is precisely why the air cooler is needed by a massive amount of people. Moreover, summer is the kind of weather when cooling systems are required in every other household, making them an utmost necessity.

Minimum Cost of Installation

When it comes to the important matters of installation costs, they are fairly low. An air cooler is something that can be installed within a short period of time and that too, without have to struggle too much. This is due to the fact that these do not require any technical installation. This means that there are no prominent installation costs at all, which allows people to save a massive amount of money in the near future. With the installation costs being low, individuals are also given the opportunity to save a good amount of money from the initial costs of these coolers.

Highly Durable

Apart from installation, a great advantage of an air cooler is the fact that it is extremely durable. This means that these have the ability to last for a long period of time without deteriorating much in the matter. Due to this, individuals can save a lot of costs such as maintenance costs, for instance. Also, once the initial cost of these coolers have been paid, a new one does not have to be brought for a good while, which surely gives people the chance to save a massive amount of money. It also makes these coolers a wise long-term investment.

High End Portability

An air cooler is usually quite portable, which is another one of the reasons behind its prominent international success all over the globe. These are easy to transport from one place to the other. Most of these coolers can be taken from one place to another on a daily basis, for instance, it can be easily moved into another room, hall or any other space that requires immediate cooling. Unlike other coolers and most particularly, air conditioners, these coolers are not fixed in one place and people can actually take them anywhere they prefer or want.

Reasonably Priced

One of the most prominent benefits of using an air cooler is the fact that it is mostly available at affordable prices within the market as well as online stores. This makes them easily accessible for individuals who reside in hot climate countries and also within hot, summer months in general. Prices always tend to vary from brand to brand and model to model, which is why all the interested buyers are always recommended to check these out before purchasing these coolers for day to day use in the short and the long run. Prices also differ from country to country.

The Verdict

With all the short as well as long-term benefits these coolers have to offer, buying them is definitely recommended to people who wish to attain ultimate cooling at all times throughout the day. Moreover, the coolers also offer individual cooling instead of overall room and hall cooling, like the air conditioners. These generally require water to run and spread cool air to a close-by area. Therefore, they are easy to use and can be controlled by almost anyone and everyone. According to many new surveys, the usage of these coolers can be seen to be increasing in day different parts of the world.

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Why Use an Air Cooler?

An air cooler has become one of the most important necessities in the present times and due to the fact, it is being used in every household in different parts of the world. These are easily available in the market and a lot of brands are offering their versions of this cooler. Therefore, a good amount of research must be carried out before investing in one since each and every one of these coolers are different from one another. It is best to know that these coolers are easy to use and do not require a massive amount of space in comparison with a lot of other machinery and devices that are used for cooling the overall surroundings. These are also available on reasonable prices, which give all the more reason to people for buying them at the earliest convenience. Something that all individuals should know is that these coolers tend to last for a long period of time.

Individual Cooling

The main reason amongst several others behind the usage of an air cooleris that it allows people to achieve individual cooling. Since the air conditioner, which is another important device that allows cooling, tends to make the overall surroundings cool, these coolers help people in order to make the cooling directed towards them only rather than the whole room. Therefore, some may as well prefer these over the air conditioners but it is just a matter of personal preference, which obviously tends to vary from person to person these days. However, this is most certainly a huge benefit of using these coolers.

Beating Summer Heat

Another reason behind the immediate success of the air cooler is the fact that it enables people to get the best cooling in the hot months of summer. Summer is a season which is faced by almost all countries in the world, expect for a few but then there is no life present there. Hence, these coolers come in handy in areas which are extremely hot in the days of summer. The cooling that these coolers provide is high end and allows people to acquire the rest and the comfort that they are looking for at all times. Due to this fact, the sales of these coolers automatically go high in summer all over the world.

Hot Regions

An air cooler is also the best for regions that are hot throughout the entire year. This is best for people who reside in such areas as temperature can increase within a short period of time. In such cases, individuals should always have these coolers installed as they do a great job in not only providing individual cooling but cooling to an entire spacious area as well. The temperature can be regulated and adjusted according to whatever a person prefers in order to combat the heat. Hence, these coolers really are highly recommended to all.

Low Humidity Areas:

Where air conditioners are used because of them having an excellent ability to dehumidify the air and making it cool, air coolers are far more valuable and successful in the areas that are low on humidity. In such areas, the key is to let the air flow through the rooms so that fresh air keeps replacing the existing room air thus lowering the temperature and making the temperature more comfortable. Also, it is an unquestionable fact that the there is no comparison at all between the bills of an air conditioner and those of an air cooler. Bills coming from excessive use of an air conditioner every year are equivalent to the total cost of an air cooler including its installation. 

Home Basics – Cleaning Equipment that every Household must have

Dirt, dust, smudges and spills are some things that are pretty much unavoidable. Though, they are common still they require awful lot of hard work to go away. Cleaning tools that are commonly needed and which should always be at disposal are listed here below.

Hand Brush or Sponge:

A good quality sponge can absorb anything. Rather than a piece of cloth, sponge is far more effective and far less difficult to use. In case of spills on tile floor or even carpet, instant usage of sponge makes sure that the liquid got separated from the surface before it could do any damage. For scrubbing purposes, special two sides tool of which one side it foamy and the other has fibers is also available.

Squeegee:

There is nothing more difficult to comprehend with than dirt marks on glass of windows and doors. They appear severely permanent and very hard to remove. Furthermore, these marks can slowly decay poor quality glass or plastic. Squeegee can be used to scrub off such marks from surfaces that are smoother like metal, glass or plastic. However, rough surfaces demand another solution.

Microfiber Fabric:

Squeegee can get hard and thus can leave scratch marks on the surface, in that case, microfiber cloth is very practical as it does not leave a mark as it effectively goes on to clean the surface with gentle scrubbing.

Spray Bottles:

Any liquid low in viscosity can be used in spray bottles, let it be a cleaning agent or simple water. Spray bottles are effective to widely distribute the liquid onto the surface that is to be cleaned.

Broomstick and Mop:

These are some items that have been around since times of grannies. Their shape has not changed much ever since and even today they are considered as some of the most effective tools for domestic cleaning.

Metal Buckets:

Whether there is a little fire that needs to be extinguished or floor that needs to be cleaned, a metallic bucket is among the most important household items. 

Vacuum Cleaner:

As the time progresses and advancements come, there have been developed certain domestic products that are used for quick cleaning. Vacuum cleaner stands tall amongst such items. By changing the air inlets on the cleaner, it can be made to reach the toughest of places like under the beds, sofas and the like.

Ultrasonic Cleaning Devices:

In the current decade, ultrasonic cleaning devices are arguably the most talked about of the cleaning equipment used by households. These devices use sound waves to clean items that are placed in the cleaning chambers. One thing to be noted here is that these devices are not made just for domestic purposes but also for the marine services. Ultrasonic cleaning devices as big a room have been tailor made to suit the needs of users. Devices as big as this are used for cleaning air craft and super car parts that cannot be cleaned with water. These parts cannot be cleaned with water because they threaten rusting of metal and may also change or tamper with the chemical characteristics of item being cleaned.

Smaller ultrasonic cleaning devices however are widely used for cleaning dishes and other utensils. These devices are known to cost a lot since they are expensive in purchase and also in operating; these devices take a lot of power that shows up in the electricity bills. However, as remedy of this drawback newer models of ultrasonic cleaning devices with lesser cleaning time and more efficient engines are being produced. In the modern day, this is considered as a must have commodity for households. 

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Buying an Air Cooler – Guide

An air cooler is essentially an appliance that cools down the heat in the air and makes it comfortable for people to breathe in stifling atmospheres. They are very commonly used in many South Asian countries during the summer seasons. Many Western countries also put it to use during summers when it gets a bit hot. Air coolers come in a variety of forms, shapes and sizes and since there is so much variety available on the markets currently, it becomes very hard for customers to decide which one is best for them. In order to make the right purchase, read the following buying guide for air coolers.

A very common and helpful feature in an air cooler is known to be the oscillating fan head. This simply means that the head of the fan (which is pelting out cool air) is able to move to and fro and can rotate easily in all directions. With the help of this, one can ensure that most of the ground is easily covered with a single fan. The larger the fan head and the farer the head rotates, the more area will be covered.

Speed settings are fairly common as well. The feature means simply what it says – that people are able to adjust the speed at which air coolers operate. For example, if it is way too hot one day, one can turn up the speed of the fan and make it pelt out cooler air at higher speeds. On the other hand, if one simply wants a cool atmosphere, they can turn the switch to the normal temperature. Some speed setting also allows one to actually control the temperature inside the room as well.

An air cooler also comes with a timer function. Many people use this function in a variety of South Asian countries. Since it gets really hot there, people usually go to sleep with their air coolers switched on during the night. However, before they go to bed, they set a timer on the fan so that it shuts itself down at a specified time or after a specified period of time. Some air coolers also have the ability to turn themselves on when a proper timer is set. 

Some air coolers, especially the ones that come from high tech firms, also provide remote controls to manage the air cooler without having to get up. The remote control allows one to control almost everything related to the functions of the cooler. For example, one can turn it on or off sitting exactly where they are or thy can also turn up the temperature or turn it down. They can also move the head of the fan in the direction they prefer. Having a remote control will make air cooler much easier and simpler to use. It is a very user-friendly tool that is likely to highly influence the final purchase of the cooler.

Another feature greatly necessary for homes where either pets or children reside, is the existence of a grill or mesh that disallows one to touch the ‘wings’ of the fan inside the cooler. This is very important since the two groups mentioned may try to touch the rotating wings when they find them curious. Safety is very important while purchasing air coolers and it is highly suggested that whether one owns pets or has children or not, they should get air coolers with grills.

These are the most important things to keep in mind when purchasing an air cooler. Of course, there are other aspects like price and quality but as far as features are concerned, the article has covered all the major ones marketed today. 

More air cooled heat exchanger cooler articles - visit here. Article contributed by guerilla online business guru - Dougles Chan 

Steam Condenser FAQs – Answered

With the advent of the internet and other digital technology, information sharing has become a common practice. The practice is so widespread that many people who want to go shopping, especially to purchase expensive and long lasting items, often turn on the internet to read reviews and gain a basic knowhow about the products they wish to buy. The steam condenser industry is one such example. Many people have a lot of unanswered questions about the appliance and with the help of this article, a few of them are being answered. So, read on in order to gain some in-depth understanding.

What is it?

Steam condensers are also often known as surface condensers. In fact, the name surface condenser is a lot more popular. However, the two things are not much different and often signify the same appliance. They are things that make sure that the steam and liquid stay away from each other and do not come in contact in any way. Both the entities are supposed to only play their required roles in the appliances they have been installed in. They can be used in heat exchangers and are commonly used in the shell and tube heat exchanger. The appliance is supposed to condense the steam while keeping it away from the water.

What is an effective condenser?

There are certain criteria that must be fulfilled before steam condensers can qualify as working appliances. To begin with, it must be able to condense as much steam as possible, especially when compared to the per unit area available for heat transfer. Moving on, it must not have too much of any cooling fluid inside it or it will mess with other appliances in the car. Also, the heat transfer surface for every kW must be as low as possible as well. Most importantly, it must not draw power or energy from any other auxiliaries, especially if it is installed in a moving vehicle,

What are the limitations?

Like every product, there are certain limitations that a steam condenser has and while it may be a great item, there are certain areas where it does fall short. To begin with, it is quite a bulky object and will not only require a lot of space to be properly stored but will also increase the weight of the appliance in which it is installed. The floor spaces will inevitable increase greatly. Moving on, it is also known to be one of the most expensive equipment out there since it takes a lot of money to manufacture the product and sell it properly. The three processes of the preparation; manufacturing, running and marketing are all incredibly expensive and will increase the selling price as well. Moreover, the maintenance costs are very high too. So, the expenses will not end after the purchase.

What are the requirements for a perfect condenser?

There are many different features that come along with the different kinds of condensers sold in the markets today. To begin with, there is the requirement that the steam must be equally distributed to all parts of the appliance for effective and smooth operations. 

Moving on, there must be no condensations or sub cooling installed within the condenser as this reeks of substandard manufacturing and is ineffective. Another important thing is to ensure that there are no leakages of any sorts taking place within the condenser or there should not be any tubes leaking as this can be extremely dangerous and hazardous as well. Lastly, one must make sure that there are no particles or deposits that may hamper smooth operations within the condenser.

As the article comes to an end, it is advised that all readers must thoroughly go through it in order to understand steam condensers before the actual purchase. 

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Oil Cooler Types and Considerations

Ever wonder why lubricants are used in machine parts to minimize or eradicate friction? The reason is that friction causes temperatures to soar up high tremendously. The rise in temperature causes devastation for machine parts and nothing but damages them. The machine parts are often made up of metal that changes state when temperature rises and also deteriorates due to frictional forces. Likewise, hydraulic systems and parts cannot stand heat. Oil that circulates or is in any way used in hydraulic systems needs to be cooled rapidly so that it does not damage the parts with excessive temperature.

The maintenance of oil temperature and keeping it under check gives constant viscosity and the oil does not thin or thick up due to varying temperatures. This is very beneficial in case of systems that are temperature optimized, having said that, those systems that work more effectively only if they are given oil at right temperature. Increased temperature of oil in this case can threaten to internally leak or to cause cavitations of the entire system. Harmful varnishing gets created in the oil and the life of both the oil and the mechanical system gets reduced manifolds. Cool oil circulating in a mechanical system ensures that parts run smoothly and the productivity of machines goes unharmed.

Air Oil Cooler:

An air based oil cooler works in a very simple manner. It simply exposes the hot fluid to cool air and brings the temperature down. This all is done inside a heat exchanger that dissipates heat from the oil. Any water that may find its way to the oil or even moisture, this type of cooler eliminates the moist elements from it entirely making it free from water contamination. Since moisture is out, so are the chances of the internal parts to rust and corrode. However, they are lot noisier and heavier as compared with the alternative next to come. Their upfront cost is also higher. It takes air from the environment that obviously needs to be of low temperature at the time of its intake.

Water Based:

There exists a barrier between hot and cold fluids with the oil being the hot one and water being the cooler one. Heat is exchanged between the two because the metal used is a good conductor of heat. Comparing an air and a water based oil cooler of the same capacity, the upfront cost to bear is much less in case of water based one. Another advantage that this has over the air based cooler is that it is not dependent upon the temperature of the air outside. In case the air is hot, it further heats the oil up in case of the air oil chiller. The water in the process gets super heated that can be used for another purpose on site. A drawback however is, to constantly change water and replace it since heated water becomes useless for round two. Not just that, it needs clean water that is often expensive to get.

The size of the engine also decides the type of oil cooling solution that is needed. Heavier engines face a dilemma of not being able to make a water body big enough that serves the purpose where air alone does not succeed in substantially bringing down high temperatures inside the engines. This is a work that requires great expertise, only an expert engineer can decide and say what size of motor is needed and what type of oil cooler needs to be deployed. There is deduction techniques for this that require a certain degree of expertise related to the field. 

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